A 3 Channel Gold Standard ECG Device with a Spirometer Using an AD8232, ADS1115 & Arduino is the Main Physiological Part of the „Schiller CS-200 Treadmill” which Costs 26 000 USD for Less Than 100 USD

Last Updated on June 18, 2026 by pg@petergamma.org

For Rob ter Horst, the Polar H10 chest strap is „the Gold Standard in Science“:

But for most scientists 3 channel ECG devices are the gold standard for ECG measurements.

I have discussed this in detail in my review about papers about smartwatch accuracy:

090. Review of Accuracy Studies of Consumer Grade Heart Rate Monitors: Methods, Testing Protocols, Reference Devices

With the AD8232 and Scott W. Harden, building low-cost ECG devices have become very popular, This ECG chip is now 4 USD on Aliexpress. So we find ECG devices also from How To Electronics:

But for physiologists, ECG devices become only interesting starting from the 3 channel Gold Standard devices, as I have described it here:

How To Build Your Own 3 Channel Gold Standard ECG Device with a Spirometer Using an AD8232, ADS1115 & Arduino

And the ADS1115 Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) offers 4 channel with 16 bit A/D conversion. This chip is now available for 2 Dollars from Aliexpress. With the ADS1115 Analog-to-Digital Converter we have 4 channels which we can use for medical and research grade applications. And there is one channel left for a spirometer. Used spirometers from iWorx can be found everywhere and can be used for medical and research grade applications.

With these components we have the main physiological part of Schiller CS-200 Excellence Stress System with Treadmill” which costs $26 000 for very little money.

The Schiller CS200 has 16 ECG channels. But for gold standard measurements which means the highest accuracy which is possible 3 ECG channels are enough.