Scientific accuracy studies about consumer grade heart rate monitors – why are not reference device of the highest accuracy chosen in these accuracy tests?

Last Updated on April 8, 2024 by pg@petergamma.org

Is there a single paper of the following scientific papers about accuracy studies of consumer grade heart rate monitors which was reviewed by Peter Gamma from www.petergamma.org and is confirmed in a second scientific paper?:

And is there a single scientific test of the more than 100 accuracy tests of Rob ter Horsts smartwatch accuracy tests, which was confirmed in a second scientific test by a second scientist?:

Which of the consumer grade heart rate monitors which was reviewed by Peter Gamma under www.petergamma.org full- fills the requirements for gold standard for heart rate measurements as described here:

How then can they deliver accurate and reproducable data? What is your opinion about this topic? Write it in the comments below.